dynumerics.ai / Deep Tech 101 / Robotics

Vision is cheap. Motion is expensive.

A humanoid robot costs roughly $35K in parts to build in China today. More than half of that goes into the joints that make it move, not the cameras or the chip that make it see and think.

Where the money goes · share of parts cost
  • Actuators motors, gearboxes, joints40–60%
  • Sensors & perception cameras, force, touch10–20%
  • Compute & control10–15%
  • Structure & frame5–10%
  • Battery5–10%
~$35K

Parts cost of a China-built humanoid in 2025.

<$17K

Where that is heading by 2030, as actuators get mass-produced.

~56%

Actuators' share of the bill of materials in one bank's teardown estimate.

Our take for founders: the money is in motion. A European team that makes actuators, gearboxes or hands cheaper and more reliable sells picks and shovels to every humanoid maker in the world.

Estimates, not quotes. Sources: Bank of America and Morgan Stanley humanoid reports (2025), via Grab a Robot and Core Matter.

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